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Standard Specification
for Rolled Erosion Control Products
ECTC /
Approved September 2004
© Erosion Control Technology Council 2005
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General This work consists of constructing temporary and permanent installations to control erosion, enhance vegetation establishment, and survivability on slopes, channels, and includes installing rolled erosion control products (RECPs). |
Submittals
The contractor shall provide a manufacturer's written certification
stating that the furnished RECP meets or exceeds all requirements of this
specification. The certification, upon request, shall be accompanied by
the manufacturer's quality control program and supporting data.
Products
Temporary
RECPs
For applications where natural vegetation alone will provide sufficient
permanent erosion protection, furnish a temporary RECP with the necessary
longevity and performance properties to effectively control erosion and
assist in the establishment of vegetation under the anticipated immediate
site conditions. The temporary RECP shall conform to one of the following
specifications and corresponding properties found in Table 1.
Permanent
RECPs
For applications where natural vegetation alone will not sustain expected
flow conditions and/or provide sufficient long-term erosion protection,
furnish a permanent RECP with the necessary performance properties to
effectively control erosion and reinforce vegetation under the expected
long-term site conditions. The permanent RECP shall conform to one of
the specifications and corresponding properties found in Table 2.
RECPs are designated as follows:
- Mulch
Control Netting
A planar woven natural fiber or extruded geosynthetic mesh used as a temporary degradable RECP to anchor loose fiber mulches.
- Open
Weave Textile
A temporary degradable RECP composed of processed natural or polymer yarns woven into a matrix, used to provide erosion control and facilitate vegetation establishment.
- Erosion
Control Blanket (ECB)
A temporary degradable RECP composed of processed natural or polymer fibers mechanically, structurally or chemically bound together to form a continuous matrix to provide erosion control and facilitate vegetation establishment.
- Turf
Reinforcement Mat (TRM)
A rolled erosion control product composed of non-degradable synthetic fibers, filaments, nets, wire mesh and/or other elements, processed into a permanent, three-dimensional matrix of sufficient thickness. TRMs, which may be supplemented with degradable components, are designed to impart immediate erosion protection, enhance vegetation establishment and provide long-term functionality by permanently reinforcing vegetation during and after maturation. Note: TRMs are typically used in hydraulic applications, such as high flow ditches and channels, steep slopes, stream banks, and shorelines, where erosive forces may exceed the limits of natural, unreinforced vegetation or in areas where limited vegetation establishment is anticipated.
Table 1. ECTC Standard Specification For Temporary Rolled Erosion Control Products
| For use where natural vegetation alone will provide permanent erosion protection | |||||||||||
| ULTRA SHORT-TERM - Typical 3 month functional longevity | |||||||||||
| Type | Product Description | Material Composition | Slope Applications* | Channel Applications* | Minimum Tensile Strength1 | ||||||
| Maximum Gradient | C Factor2, 5 | Permissible Shear Stresss3, 4, 6 | |||||||||
| 1.A | Mulch Control Nets | A photodegradable synthetic mesh or woven biodegradable natural fiber netting. | 5:1 (H:V) | < 0.10 @ 5:1 | ≤ 0.25 lbs/ft2 (12 Pa) | 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) | |||||
| 1.B | Netless Rolled Erosion Control Blankets | Natural and/or polymer fibers mechanically interlocked and/or chemically adhered together to form a RECP. | 4:1 (H:V) | < 0.10 @ 4:1 | ≤ 0.5 lbs/ft2 (24 Pa) | 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) | |||||
| 1.C | Single-net Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles | Processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers mechanically bound together by a single rapidly degrading, synthetic or natural fiber netting or an open weave textile of processed rapidly degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix. | 3:1 (H:V) | < 0.15 @ 3:1 | ≤ 1.5 lbs/ft2 (72 Pa) | 50 lbs/ft (0.73 kN/m) | |||||
| 1.D | Double-net Erosion Control Blankets | Processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers mechanically bound together between two rapidly degrading, synthetic or natural fiber nettings. | 2:1 (H:V) | < 0.20 @ 2:1 | ≤ 1.75 lbs/ft2 (84 Pa) | 75 lbs/ft (1.09 kN/m) | |||||
| SHORT-TERM - Typical 12 month functional longevity | |||||||||||
| Type | Product Description | Material Composition | Slope Applications* | Channel Applications* | Minimum Tensile Strength1 | ||||||
| Maximum Gradient | C Factor2, 5 | Permissible Shear Stresss3, 4, 6 | |||||||||
| 2.A | Mulch Control Nets | A photodegradable synthetic mesh or woven biodegradable natural fiber netting. | 5:1 (H:V) | < 0.10 @ 5:1 | ≤ 0.25 lbs/ft2 (12 Pa) | 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) | |||||
| 2.B | Netless Rolled Erosion Control Blankets | Natural and/or polymer fibers mechanically interlocked and/or chemically adhered together to form a RECP. | 4:1 (H:V) | < 0.10 @ 4:1 | ≤ 0.5 lbs/ft2 (24 Pa) | 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) | |||||
| 2.C | Single-net Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles | An erosion control blanket composed of processed degradable natural or polymer fibers mechanically bound together by a single degradable synthetic or natural fiber netting to form a continuous matrix or an open weave textile composed of processed degradable natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix. | 3:1 (H:V) | < 0.15 @ 3:1 | ≤ 1.5 lbs/ft2 (72 Pa) | 50 lbs/ft (0.73 kN/m) | |||||
| 2.D | Double-net Erosion Control Blankets | Processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers mechanically bound together between two degradable, synthetic or natural fiber nettings. | 2:1 (H:V) | < 0.20 @ 2:1 | ≤ 1.75 lbs/ft2 (84 Pa) | 75 lbs/ft (1.09 kN/m) | |||||
| EXTENDED-TERM - Typical 24 month functional longevity | |||||||||||
| Type | Product Description | Material Composition | Slope Applications* | Channel Applications* | Minimum Tensile Strength1 | ||||||
| Maximum Gradient | C Factor2, 5 | Permissible Shear Stresss3, 4, 6 | |||||||||
| 3.A | Mulch Control Nets | A slow degrading synthetic mesh or woven natural fiber netting. | 5:1 (H:V) | < 0.10 @ 5:1 | ≤ 0.25 lbs/ft2 (12 Pa) | 25 lbs/ft (0.36 kN/m) | |||||
| 3.B | Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles | An erosion control blanket composed of processed slow degrading natural or polymer fibers mechanically bound together between two slow degrading synthetic or natural fiber nettings to form a continuous matrix or an open weave textile composed of processed slow degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix. | 1.5:1 (H:V) | < 0.25 @ 1.5:1 | ≤ 2.00 lbs/ft2 (96 Pa) | 100 lbs/ft (1.45 kN/m) | |||||
| LONG-TERM - Typical 36 month functional longevity | |||||||||||
| Type | Product Description | Material Composition | Slope Applications* | Channel Applications* | Minimum Tensile Strength1 | ||||||
| Maximum Gradient | C Factor2, 5 | Permissible Shear Stresss3, 4, 6 | |||||||||
| 4 | Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles | An erosion control blanket composed of processed slow degrading natural or polymer fibers mechanically bound together between two slow degrading synthetic or natural fiber nettings to form a continuous matrix or an open weave textile composed of processed slow degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix. | 1:1 (H:V) | < 0.25 @ 1:1 | ≤ 2.25 lbs/ft2 (108 Pa) | 125 lbs/ft (1.82 kN/m) | |||||
| Notes: | |||||||||||
| * "C" factor and shear stress for Types 1.A., 2.A. and 3.A mulch control nettings must be obtained with netting used in conjunction with pre-applied mulch material. | |||||||||||
| 1 Minimum Average Roll Values when tested in the machine direction using ECTC Modified ASTM D 5035. | |||||||||||
| 2 "C" Factor calculated as ratio of soil loss from RECP protected slope (tested at specified or greater gradient, h:v) to ratio of soil loss from unprotected (control) plot in large-scale testing.These performance test values should be supported by periodic bench scale testing under similar test conditions using ECTC Test Method # 2. | |||||||||||
| 3 Minimum shear stress RECP (unvegetated) can sustain without physical damage or excess erosion [> 12.7 mm (0.5 in) soil loss] during a 30-minute flow event in large-scale testing. These performance test values should be supported by periodic bench scale testing under similar test conditions and failure criteria using ECTC Test Method #3. | |||||||||||
| 4 The permissible shear stress levels established for each performance category are based on historical experience with products characterized by Manning's roughness coeffecients in the range of 0.01 - 0.05. | |||||||||||
| 5 Acceptable large-scale test methods may include ASTM D6459 or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. | |||||||||||
| 6 Acceptable large-scale testing protocol may include ASTM D6460 or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. | |||||||||||
Table 2. ECTC Standard Specification For Permanent Rolled Erosion Control Products
| For applications in channels and on slopes not exceeding 0.5:1 (H:V) where vegetation alone will not sustain expected flow conditions and/or provide sufficient long-term erosion protection | ||||||
| Type1 | Product Description | Material Composition | Minimum Tensile Strength2,3 | MinimumThickness | UV Stability | Channel Applications Permissible Shear Stress4, 5 |
| (ASTM D 6525) | (ASTM D 4355 @ 500 Hours) | |||||
| 5.A | Turf Reinforcement Mat | A rolled erosion control product composed of non-degradable synthetic fibers, filaments, nets, wire mesh and/or other elements, processed into a permanent, three-dimensional matrix of sufficient thickness. TRMs, which may be supplemented with degradable components, are designed to impart immediate erosion protection, enhance vegetation establishment and provide long-term functionality by permanently reinforcing vegetation during and after maturation. Note: TRMs are typically used in hydraulic applications, such as high flow ditches and channels, steep slopes, stream banks, and shorelines, where erosive forces may exceed the limits of natural, unreinforced vegetation or in areas where limited vegetation establishment is anticipated. | 125 lbs/ft (1.82 kN/m) | 0.25 inches (6.35 mm) | 80% | ≤ 6.0 lbs/ft2 (288 Pa) |
| 5.B | Turf Reinforcement Mat | 150 lbs/ft (2.19 kN/m) | 0.25 inches (6.35 mm) | 80% | ≤ 8.0 lbs/ft2 (384 Pa) | |
| 5.C | Turf Reinforcement Mat | 175 lbs/ft (2.55 kN/m) | 0.25 inches (6.35 mm) | 80% | ≤ 10.0 lbs/ft2 (480 Pa) | |
| Notes: | ||||||
| 1 For TRMs containing degradable components, all property values must be obtained on the non-degradable portion of the matting alone. | ||||||
| 2 Minimum Average Roll Values, machine direction only for tensile strength determination using ASTM D6818 (Supercedes Mod. ASTM D5035 for RECPs) | ||||||
| 3 Field conditions with high loading and/or high survivability requirements may warrant the use of a TRM with a tensile strength of 44 kN/m (3,000 lb/ft) or greater. | ||||||
| 4 Shear stress that fully vegetated TRM can sustain without physical damage or excess erosion [> 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) soil loss] during a 30-minute flow event in large scale testing. | ||||||
| 5 Acceptable large-scale testing protocol may include ASTM D6460 or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. | ||||||
Construction Requirements
Execution
Make the soil surface stable, firm, and free of rocks and other obstructions.
Install RECPs according to the manufacturer's published installation recommendations
or the following minimum guidelines. In areas to be mowed soon after installation,
use ultra-short-term temporary RECPs that utilize (or consist of) rapidly
degrading nettings having a maximum service life of 3 months or less.
Install RECPs after application of seed, fertilizer, and other necessary soil amendments, unless soil in-filling of the RECP is required. If soil in-filling is required, install RECP, apply seed, and lightly brush or rake 0.3 to 0.7 in. (8 to 18 mm) of topsoil into the voids in the RECP to fill the product thickness. Mulch Control Netting (Type 1.A., 2.A., 3.A.) immediately after dry mulch application install mulch control netting.
Stakes or staples for securing RECPs to the soil must be at least 6 in. (150 mm) long. Longer anchors may be necessary in sandy, loose, and/or wet soils.
Unroll the RECP parallel to the primary direction of flow and place it in direct contact with soil surface. Do not stretch or allow material to bridge over surface inconsistencies. Overlap edges of adjacent RECPs by 2 to 4 in. (50 to 100 mm). Use a sufficient number of stakes or staples to prevent seam separation. Overlap roll ends of joining RECPs 2 to 6 in. (50 to 150 mm) in the direction of flow.
- Slope
Installations
At the top of slope, anchor the RECP by one of the following methods:- Staples
Install the RECP 3 ft. (900 mm) over the shoulder of the slope onto flat final grade. Secure with a single row of stakes or staples on 1 ft. (300-mm) centers. - Anchor
trench
Construct a 6 in. by 6 in. (150 mm by 150 mm) anchor trench. Extend the upslope terminal end of the RECP 3 ft. (900 mm) past the anchor trench. Use stakes or staples to fasten the product into the anchor trench on 1 ft. (300 mm) centers. Backfill the trench and compact the soil. Apply seed and any necessary soil amendments to the compacted soil and cover with remaining 1 ft. (300 mm) terminal end of the RECP. Secure terminal end with a single row of stakes or staples on 1 ft. (300 mm) centers. - Check
slot
Construct a stake or staple check slot along the top edge of the RECP by installing two rows of stakes or staples 4 in. (100 mm) apart on 4 in. (100 mm) centers. Drive all stake and staple heads flush with soil surface.
- Staples
- Channel
Installations
Construct an anchor trench at the beginning of the channel across its entire width according to paragraph A.2 above. Follow the manufacturer's installation guidelines in constructing additional anchor trenches or check slots at intervals along the channel reach and at the terminal end of the channel, according to paragraph A.2 or A.3 above, respectively. Securely fasten all RECPs to the soil by installing stakes or staples at a minimum rate of 1.7/yd2 (2.0/m2). Significantly higher anchor rates may be necessary in sandy, loose, and/or wet soils, and in severe applications.
Securely
fasten all RECPs to the soil by installing stakes or staples at a minimum
rate of 1.3/yd2 (1.5/m2).
Repair any damaged areas immediately by restoring soil to finished grade, re-applying soil amendments and seed, and replacing the RECP.
ECTC / Approved
June 2004 / version 2.0
© Erosion Control Technology Council 2004
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